Activated (active) carbon or charcoal is a type of carbon that has a high level of porosity that makes it quite effective in adsorption and in certain chemical reactions. This is mainly due to the significantly increased surface area. To increase the adsorption properties even further, the charcoal is often subjected to chemical treatment. Other substances with similar properties include activated coal and coke. Before using activated carbon Philippines residents need to understand a number of things.
There are a number of source materials that can be used to produce active charcoal. They include wood, peat, nutshells, coconut husks, coal and petroleum pitch among others. Activation can be achieved through physical or chemical processes. In the physical process, the source materials are exposed to hot gases in the presence of air. The temperatures at which this occurs range from 600 to 1200 degrees Celsius.
Chemical activation involves impregnating the source materials with certain chemicals before they are treated further. Chemicals that may be used in this process include salts, alkalis and acids such as zinc chloride, sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride and phosphoric acid. The next step in the process is known as carbonization. The temperatures needed here are comparatively lower and range from 450 and 900 degrees Celsius. In general, the chemical alternative is more preferred.
Activated carbon plays a major role in the medical field. One of the main indications is in the management of over dosage and poisoning related to acids, alkalis, arsenic, lithium, methanol and cyanide among others. The charcoal can be obtained from the pharmacy as an over the counter drug. It is important to be cautious when taking it because it may lead to aspiration pneumonitis if it ends up in the lungs.
Active charcoal is used for a number of different industrial applications. These mainly related to processes involved in removing pollutants from water sources and air. Specifically, these may include spill clean ups, remediation of ground water, drinking water filtration and the capture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among others. As it purifies the air, the carbon may have an additional role in determining radon concentration levels.
Active charcoal is classified in a number of ways depending on physical attributes and uses. Some of the physical properties that may be used include the iodine number, the surface area, the density, ash level and the mesh size among others. Powdered activated charcoal is made of granules less than 1 millimeter in diameter and is mainly used in process units such as clarifiers and gravity filters among others. Granular charcoal has larger particles and us mainly used in water treatment and deodorization.
Another important industrial application is in mercury scrubbing. For the charcoal to be effective, it has to be mixed with sulfur or iodine. Mercury scrubbing is an important activity in coal driven power stations and medical incinerators. The mixture of mercury and active charcoal is a bit difficult to dispose of since compounds exceeding 260 parts per million of mercury cannot be buried in landfills.
Active charcoal is a compound that has a wide range of other applications. These range from industrial, to medical to agricultural uses. The list continues to grow by the day. Always consult an expert on the type of charcoal that would be appropriate in your situation.
There are a number of source materials that can be used to produce active charcoal. They include wood, peat, nutshells, coconut husks, coal and petroleum pitch among others. Activation can be achieved through physical or chemical processes. In the physical process, the source materials are exposed to hot gases in the presence of air. The temperatures at which this occurs range from 600 to 1200 degrees Celsius.
Chemical activation involves impregnating the source materials with certain chemicals before they are treated further. Chemicals that may be used in this process include salts, alkalis and acids such as zinc chloride, sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride and phosphoric acid. The next step in the process is known as carbonization. The temperatures needed here are comparatively lower and range from 450 and 900 degrees Celsius. In general, the chemical alternative is more preferred.
Activated carbon plays a major role in the medical field. One of the main indications is in the management of over dosage and poisoning related to acids, alkalis, arsenic, lithium, methanol and cyanide among others. The charcoal can be obtained from the pharmacy as an over the counter drug. It is important to be cautious when taking it because it may lead to aspiration pneumonitis if it ends up in the lungs.
Active charcoal is used for a number of different industrial applications. These mainly related to processes involved in removing pollutants from water sources and air. Specifically, these may include spill clean ups, remediation of ground water, drinking water filtration and the capture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among others. As it purifies the air, the carbon may have an additional role in determining radon concentration levels.
Active charcoal is classified in a number of ways depending on physical attributes and uses. Some of the physical properties that may be used include the iodine number, the surface area, the density, ash level and the mesh size among others. Powdered activated charcoal is made of granules less than 1 millimeter in diameter and is mainly used in process units such as clarifiers and gravity filters among others. Granular charcoal has larger particles and us mainly used in water treatment and deodorization.
Another important industrial application is in mercury scrubbing. For the charcoal to be effective, it has to be mixed with sulfur or iodine. Mercury scrubbing is an important activity in coal driven power stations and medical incinerators. The mixture of mercury and active charcoal is a bit difficult to dispose of since compounds exceeding 260 parts per million of mercury cannot be buried in landfills.
Active charcoal is a compound that has a wide range of other applications. These range from industrial, to medical to agricultural uses. The list continues to grow by the day. Always consult an expert on the type of charcoal that would be appropriate in your situation.
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